Rural livelihood

Cbse class 6, Social Studies

Rural Livelihood

1. What is the major occupation in India and other occupations?

• In India more than half of the land area is used for farming
• Other kind of occupation in villages are Pottery, Handicrafts, weaving, Spinning, Fishing etc..

2. How the occupation in villages are classified?

Occupation of People in villages are broadly classified as Farm works and Non farm works

3. How Indian agriculture is made more productive nowadays?

Indian agriculture is made more productive nowadays by

• Gia6nt canal projects
• Multipurpose projects
• Green revolution
• Increased use of irrigation
• Chemical fertilizers

4. List the types of crops grown in India with examples?

Crops name	Season grown	Crops grown
Rabi crop	It is grown in winter	Ex: Wheat
Kharif	It is grown in summer/monsoon crop mainly in july	Ex: Paddy
Zaid	Crops grown from March to June	Ex: Muskmelon, Watermelon

5. What are the three types of farmers in India?

Based on the land holdings, farmers are classified into

Large farmers, Marginal farmers, Landless peasants

6. Write a short note on large farmers? 

• Large farmers have their own land
• These farmers don not work they employ other people for work
• They plough the field with the help of tractors, and use other machines such as seeders, high yielding seeds, fertilizers, threshing, marrow, harvestors, cultivators etc.

Note: Bigha is a unit for measuring land in olden days, it is a nonstandard unit

7. Write a short note on Marginal farmers?

• Second category of the farmers are farmers with less land holdings, less than 2 hectares
• Subsistence farmers are those who grow crops for their livelihood and sell the rest.
• These farmers use traditional method of farming
• Since they are poor, cannot afford for large machinery tools
• This farmers life is greatly influenced by heavy rainfall/drought
• They depend on money lenders to buy seeds and fertilizers

8. Who are landless peasants?

• Landless peasants are also called as agricultural labourers
• They do not have their own land
• Sometimes if they have very small area of land, it is taken over by money lender.
• Money lenders take their land because farmers could not be able to repay their debts.

9. What is organic farming?

Organic farming is the use of natural fertilizers such as vermicompost and organic manure. This will restore the nutrients in land and farming products will be much healthier for us.

10. What are non-farm works?

Women mainly engage in non farm works to earn their livelihood

Some of the non-farm works are 

• Embroidery
• Art and craft
• Painting
• Weaving
• Shawl making
• Wooden items making
• Glass and pottery works
• Mirror works and much more….

11. List the occupation in coastal areas?

In coastal areas of river, banks of major rivers, Fishing is the major source of earning livelihood

12. Who are cooperatives?

• Co operatives are organizations or group of people who come/work together for the purpose of trade
• Ex: Cottage industries. It play a key role in the economic development of the villages.

13. List the various small scale industries in various regions of India?

State/ Region	Small scale Industry
Karnataka	Sandalwood items
Kerala	Coconut fibre articles, weaving
West Bengal	Jute, Terracotta artefacts, Jewellery
Punjab	Jutties, Phulkari embroidery
Gujarat	Mirror work, Embroidery
North-eastern states	Bamboo, cane, Jute products
Jammu & Kashmir	Silk & paper mache

14. What are main reason for farmer suicide?

Main reason for farmer suicide is

• Extreme Poverty
• Harsh weather conditions
• Shortage of funds
• Lack of facilities
• Government has taken steps to stop the farmer`s suicide by cancelling the farm loans

15. Write a short note on Rural Tourism?

Ministry of Tourism is promoting the Rural Tourism

Tourists visit villages they enjoy the

• Fresh home cooked food
• Traditional dishes
• Chop fodder for animals
• Pluck fresh fruits

Villagers interact with  various type of people and earn money for their livelihood.