Cbse class 6, Social Studies
- India has number of villages
- Agriculture is the main occupation of people living in villages
- Gandhiji’s statement of villages:
- If villages of India Perish, India will perish too
- In India. Ministry of rural development, super heads the development and welfare of rural areas
- India is divided into States
- States are divided into Districts
- Districts are further divided into Tehsils/ Talukas
- A Tehsil is a collection of small towns and villages
- Higher officer in the district is known as District collector
- District collector is an officer of the Indian Administrative Service (IAS)
- Main function of Collector is to maintain the Law and Order in the district
- District Collector is assisted by Tehsildars and Patwaris
- Tehsildars are land revenue officers
Function of Tehsildars:
- Tehsildar try to solve the village disputes
- They supervise the work of patwaris
- They maintain the land records and collects correctly the land revenue
- They provide farmers the copy of their land records
Some of the important offices in village are
- Milk societies
- Anganwadis (Day care)
- Post Office
- Health care Centres
- Fair Price shop
- Society to regulate seeds and fertilizers
Role of Patwari:
- Each village Patwari records how much land is owned by a farmer
- After measuring land, land map is generated to ensure the boundaries for each land owned by farmer
- Patwari fix the land revenue according to the size of the land
- Patwari collects land revenue from farmers
- Patwari records the crops being grown in season and inspect the harvest
- Patwari update the land records every year if there are any changes
Role of Police:
- Police station is important link between the village people and district administration
- Villagers conflict are registered as written complaint.
- First Information Report is registered for the complaint/ case
Technological changes in villages are use of tractors, harvesters, solar panels, organic farming and others
Organic farming are used nowadays
Use of organic manures make the crop healthier, rich in nutrients and greater yield/harvest
Important Facts:
- Mughal Emperor Akbar was a great administrator
- He collected tax on the basis of ten year assessment known as Dahsala
- Hindu Succession Amendment Act, 2005 was passed in 1956. Law proposed that daughters and mothers have equal share in land
- This law was a landmark in promoting the equality
- Largest village in India is Gahmar located in Ghazipur, in district of Uttar Pradesh
- Most of the persons in this village are soldiers, who fought in the World war I
- There is a memorial in this village for these Martyrs
- First Solar park in India is in Charanka village in Gujarat
- It accounts for 66% India’s Solar power
- It generates 600MV of the power