Cbse class 6, Social Studies
1. Define Weather and Climate?
- Day today changes in atmosphere is called as Weather
- Average weather condition which has been measured over years is Climate
2. What is the climate of India?
- Climate of India is Tropical Monsoon Climate
- Monsoon is a season with heavy rainfall caused by the difference in temperature between landmass and adjacent ocean
- Interior part of India has Continental climate ( Very hot summer and extremely cold winter)
- Coastal regions has Equable climate ( Summers not too hot, Winters not too cold)
- Mountaineous regions has cold climate
3. What are the factors affecting the Climate of India?
The Factors affecting the climate of India is
- Latitudes
- Distance from sea
- Altitude
- Northern Mountains
- Wind
4. Write in one line about the factors affecting the Climate of India?
- Latitudes: Latitudes affect the climate by tropic of cancer, it divides the country into tropical zone and temperate zone
- Altitudes: Temperature decreases when the altitude ( height) increases.
- Northern Mountains: Himalayas prevent the cold wind blowing from North from entering into India
- Wind: The most dominating factor of Indian climate is Monsoon winds. The two most important monsoons are Southwest monsoon and Retreating Monsoon.
5. What are the seasons of India?
The major seasons of India
- Cold Weather season
- Hot Weather season
- Southwest Monsoon season
- Retreating Southwest Monsoon season
6. Write the difference between Cold weather season and Hot weather season?
| Cold Weather Season | Hot Weather Season |
| It starts in December and last till February | It starts in March and ends in May |
| This season is dry, rain occurs only in East coast and North West region of the country | Temperature rises in most places except in hills and coastal plains |
| Lowest temperature is found in the mountains and Northern plains since it is far away from sea | Deccan Plateau is warmer, it is closer to the equator |
7. Write the difference between the Southwest Monsoon and Retreating Southwest Monsoon?
| South West Monsoon | Retreating South West Monsoon |
| Season starts in June and lasts till september | Season last through October and November |
| Winds blow from Arabian sea, Bay of Bengal towards the land | The Temperature and Moisture content in the air is very high (October heat) |
| Every part of India gets rainfall except Tamil Nadu | East coast receives heavy rainfall, since it is season of transition from hot rainy to cold dry season |
8. List few points on the importance of Monsoon?
Since India is a agricultural country, Monsoon plays an important role in the economy of India
Delay or long breaks in Monsoon are dangerous to agricultural crops
Indian farmers have adopted the conservation programmes and rain water harvesting
NATURAL VEGETATION
1. Define Natural vegetation?
Grasses, shrubs, trees which grow on their own without help/ interference of humans is called as Natural vegetation
Natural vegetation in India is diverse due to the diversity in rainfall and terrain
2. What are types of forests present in India?
Based on the amount of rainfall and landforms there are 5 forest in India.
- Tropical Evergreen forest
- Tropical Deciduous forest
- Thorn forest
- Tidal forest ( Ganga Brahmaputra basin)
- Mountain vegetation (Himalayas)
3. List out the importance of each forest?
| Name of forest | Importance | Annual rainfall | Trees grown | Forest location |
| Tropical evergreen forest | 200-300 cm | Rosewood, Ebony, Mahogany | Western slope of Western ghats, Andaman and Nicobar Islands | |
| Tropical Deciduous Forest/MonsoonForest | 100-200 cm | Sal, Teak, Peepal | Madhya Pradesh, Bihar | |
| Thorn Forest | Under 50 cm | Babul, Kikar, Wild Palm, Acacia | ||
| Tidal Forest/ Mangrove Forest | – | Sundari |
4.Write a short note on Mountain Vegetation?
Vegetation in Mountain areas varies according to height
Temperature, Rainfall changes with change in altitude
Most of the trees are conical in shape at the height of 1500m to 2500m.
These are called as Coniferous forest. Ex: Chir, Pine, Deodar
5. Write a few points on Importance of forest?
Forest products provide us with variety of forest products.
Forest provide habitat for wildlife
Forest helps in checking floods
6. List few forest products?
Timber, wood from trees are the major product from forest
Resins, Gum, Lac, Khus are the minor product from forest.
We need to conserve the forest resources and use them moderately.
WILD LIFE
1. Write a short about the Wildlife?
- Forest is the home for variety of wildlife.
- There are 500 species of animals, 1200 species of birds, number of reptiles and species of fish.
Different regions have different species of animals.
- Lions – Gir forest
- Tigers – Sunderbans
- Elephants – Kerala, Karnataka
- One horn Rhinocerous – Assam
- Camel – Thar desert
- Wild asses – Rann of Kanchch
- Wild goats, Snow leopards, Bears – Himalayan region
2. Why Wild life conservation is necessary?
- Many species of animals are losing their natural habitats due to
- Depletion of forest
- Poaching – Illegal practice of trespassing on another`s property to hunt/ steal their resources.
3. What are the steps taken for wildlife conservation?
- Few species are categorized as endangered species, they are protected in wild life sanctuaries and parks.
- National parks are created to protect forest cover
- India has 18 biodiversity reserves, few of them are Nandadevi, Kanchenjunga, Sundarbans, Nilgiris
- These reserves do not protect the flora and fauna but also the tribal peoples.
- Project Tiger and Rhino were created by government of India to protect the diminished number of Tigers, Rhinocerous.
4. What are the movements undertaken for conservation of forest?
Chipko Movement:
- It started in the Himalayan region of Uttarkhand in 1973
- It was started by Sunderlal Bahugana.
- Slogan of Chipko Movement is Ecology is the permanent economy.
- Main objective is Afforestation, development, conservation and proper utilization of the forest.
Appiko Movement:
- It was started by Panduranga hegde Appiko means “Hug” in kannada, it symbolizes the protection of tree.
- Aim of the movement is to conserve the trees of the Kalse forest in Karnataka
Beej Bacho Andolan:
- It means Save the Seeds Movement.
- It was started by Vijay Jardhari in late 1980`s
- It has led to conservation of many lost varieties of rice, rajma (Kidney beans) and other people
- Main aim of the movement is to conserve indigenous seeds and promote traditional agricultural practices
- They use to sow 12 different grains ( Cereals, Legumes) in one field ensuring protection against drought and crop failure. This tradition of agriculture is called as Baranaja.
- This method maintained soil fertility, replenished Nitrogen
- They had year round supply of food, since they harvested the crops of different times of year.