class 6 Culture and Scientific world

Class 6, History

1. Write a few lines about the trade expansion of India with other parts of countries?

· Port cities were developed along the Indian coastline.

· By 200 BCE, India traded with Greece, Rome, Arab countries, China, Southeast Asia, Africa both through sea and land routes.

· Indian-Rome trade flourished during Augustus in Rome

· India is famous for silk, muslin, Ivory goods, pearls, precious stones, spices, medicines.

· India has encouraged foreign trade.

· In exchange India from abroad bought wine, horses, silk, ceramic, glass, gold, perfumes etc.

2. Write about the silk route?

§ Silk route is a historical term used to denote trade route between China and Mediterranean.

§ Silk making technique were 1st invented in China around 7000 years old.

§ Gradually people travelled to distant land using foot/camel’s horseback and carried the rich glossy fabric. The path they followed to get silk is known as silk route.

§ This route links the regions of the West and East through Mediterranean.

§ Not only things travelled but also Ideas. Ideas that change the world.

3. Write about the growth of Buddhism by the travellers?

· Silk route used by traders led to the exchange of religious and cultural ideas

· This route spread Buddhism during Kanishka’s rule.

· He contributed the Kanishka stupa discovered at Peshawar in Pakistan.

· Gold coins having Kanishka image on one side, Buddha image on the other side was discovered.

· Kanishka organised the 4th Buddhist council in Kashmir, were more than 400 Buddhist monks came to discuss the teachings of Buddha.

· During this period Mahayana Buddhism was emerged.

· They made statues of Buddha and peepal tree sculpture was shown to show enlightment.

· Earlier Bodhisattvas who attained enlightment lived in isolation and did meditation, but now they are living along and helping people.

4. How did Buddhism spread to China?

· Ashoka was the first ruler to spread Buddhism.

· Kanishka emperor of the Kushana Dynasty in 2nd century patronized Buddhism.

· Serval Chinese monks Fa-Hien (5th century CE during Chandragupta II), Hiuen Tsang (7th century CE during Harshvardhan) visited India and left detailed account on the social-political and religious life of people in India.

5. Write about how Hinduism emerged?

§ Around 300 BCE, God Shiva and Vishnu emerged as Main Hindu gods.

§ Golden period in history of Hinduism is Gupta Dynasty.

§ In Deccan Satavahans and Pallavas, cholas in South India promoted Hinduism by building many temples.

§ Concept of bhakti became more important that elaborated the performance of rituals and sacrifices.

§ Saints were poet composed many hyms and bhajans in praise of God, they looked religion as a bond between devotees and God.

6. Write a short note on Indo-Greeks?

· Indo Greeks comprised of more than 30 Hellenistic kings.

· They ruled various part of Northwest and Northern India between 2nd century BCE to 1st

century BCE.

· Demetrius ( 2nd century BCE) invaded India crossed Hindu Kush Mountain began to conquer Northern Afghanistan and area around Indus River.

· Menander I

one of the Indo Greeks converted into Buddhism and had a conversation with Nagasena ( Buddhist Monk) it is mentioned Milinda Panha.

· He issued bilingual coins using Kharosshi script.

· Last of Indo Greek rulers was Strato II who ruled in Punjab region.

7. Write a note about Saka’s?

· Sakas invaded Northwest part of India took control over Taxila, Mathura.

· Important Sakas kingdoms are Taxila, Mathura, Nasik, Ujjain.

· Famous Sakas ruler was Rudradaman I.

· He was a great conqueror, and his military expeditions were inscribed in Junagadh rock inscription.

8. Write about the Parthians?

§ They came to India from Iran.

§ They ruled a small part of Northwest territory of Indian Subcontinent.

§ Famous Parthian ruler was Gondophernes ( 1st century CE)

9. Write in detail about Kushanas?

· Kushanas were powerful group who ruled North India and they have origin in China.

· Well known Kushana ruler was Kanishka.

· Kanishka ruled vast empire from Bactria to Pataliputra in Gangetic Plains.

· Centres of this vast empire are Peshawar and Mathura.

· He was deeply inclined to Buddhism and donated many buildings to Buddhist Monasteries.

· Large no of gold and copper coins having Greek, Hindu, Buddhist figures and deities during Kushana period was recovered.

· Kushanas spread Mahayana Buddhism in Central Asia and China.

· They developed Gandhara and Mathura school of art.

· Gandhara school of art was perfect blend of Indian of foreign art styles.

· Famous Sanskrit scholar was Ashyagho Sha

10. Write about the Sangam age ?

· Sangam is a Tamil word derived from Sangha meaning assembly/sabha.

· Sangam literature speaks about 3 south Indian dynasties cholas, pandyas, cheras, all of them together called Tamilakha/Tamil Realm.

Download FREE PDF Here

Cbse class 6 Social Studies

Geography

History

Civics