Cbse class 6, Social Studies
1. List few some basic facts about India?
- India officially known as Republic of India
- India is a country in South Asia
- India is bordered by Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal between Myanmar and Pakistan
- India is the Seventh largest country in the world
- Area covered by entire country is 3.28 million sq.km
- Distance between Northern most and Southern most part of India is ~3200 Km
- Distance between Eastern most ( Arunachal Pradesh) and Western most ( Gujarat) is 2900 Km
2. What are the Latitudes and Longitudes of India?
- India lies in Northern and Eastern Hemisphere
- It extends from 80 N to 370 N latitude
- Tropic of Cancer divides the India into two halves lies between 680 E and 970 E longitudes
- Longitudes 820 30` E passes through middle of India is taken as Standard Time meridian
3. What are the boundaries of the India?
- India boundaries measures ~ 15,200 Km
- North – China, Nepal, Bhutan
- East – Myanmar, Bangladesh mostly delta of Ganga, Brahmaputra
- West – Pakistan, Afghanistan
- South – Maldives, Sri lanka separated by Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar
4. What are the Coastlines of India?
- Gulf of Kuchch and Gulf of Khambhat along the coast of Gujarat
- Lake Chilka found in the Eastern coast of Odisha
Note: India occupies a Strategic position on international trade routes links the Eastern and Western Countries
5. List a few points on Political division of India?
- India is divided into 28 states and 8 Union territories
- In terms of Area, Rajasthan is the largest state and Goa is the smallest state
6. What are the physical division of India?
India is divided into 6 physical division
- Northern Mountains
- Northern Plains
- Peninsular Plateau
- Great Indian Desert
- Coastal Plains
- Islands
7. What are Northern Mountains?
- Northern Mountain range includes Himalayan Mountain range
- Mountains stretch from Indus River in West and Brahmaputra in East
- Himalaya means “abode of snow”
- Him means Snow
- Alaya means abode
- Length and breath of Himalaya range is 2400 Km and 240 Km respectively
- Himalayas are classified based on their height into Himadri, Himachal and Siwaliks
8. List down the various difference between Himachal, Himadri and Siwaliks?
| Himadri | Himachal | Siwaliks |
| Himadri also called as Greater/ Inner Himalayas | Himachal also known as Middle/ lesser Himalayas | Siwaliks also known as Outer Himalayas |
| Average elevation is 6000m | Average elevation is 4500m | Average elevation is 1200m |
| World`s highest peak Mt. Everest (8848m), Nanga Prabhat (8123m), Mt. Kanchenjunga (8598 m) is found here | Many hill stations are found here | Flat valleys are found between Himachal and Siwaliks. Ex: Dehradun, Kothridun |
| Some important passes are Baralacha, Shipkala (H.P) Nathula, Jeepla ( Sikkim) | Notable ranges are Pir Panjal, Nag Tibba | Purvanchal range lies in Eastern boundaries of India |
9. List the few importance of Himalayas?
- Himalayas act as physical barrier that is protecting the Indian boundaries from foreign Invasion
- Himalayas act as Climatic barrier. It traps the monsoon winds within the country and keeps away cold wind from blowing out
- Himalayas has many glaciers, which are main source of Perennial rivers. Ex: Gangotri glacier is the source of river Ganga
10. List few points on Northern Plains?
- Northern Plains lies to the South of Himalayas
- Northern Plains extends ~ 2500 Km length from East to West
- Northern Plains are formed by Indus valley plains and Ganga Brahmaputra basin
11. Why are Northern Plains densely populated?
- Northern Plains are densely populated because the land is flat and Fertile.
- They are formed by alluvial soil laid by Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra and their tributaries
12. List the difference between the Indus valley plains and Ganga Brahmaputra basin?
| Indus Valley Plains | Ganga Brahmaputra basin |
| Indus valley plains are formed / drained by the river Indus and its tributaries | Ganga Brahmaputra basin is drained/ formed by the river Ganga, Brahmaputra and its tributaries |
| Tributaries of Indus are Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Beas, Sutlej | Ganga Tributaries – Yamuna, Kosi, Son. Damodar, Ghaghara Brahmaputra Tributaries – Tista, Subansri, Barali, Dhansri, Dinhing |
| Major portions of Indus valley plains are found in Pakistan | Ganga Brahmaputra basin are found in India, Nepal, China, Bhutan, Bangladesh |
| Indus valley plains are fertile lands and form the earliest development of Indus valley civilization ( 6000 years ago) | The main features in Ganga Brahmaputra basin are fertile plains, Himalayas, and the delta of Sundarbans |
Note: Saraswati river was once flowed between Yamuna in East and Sutlej in West, but now that river got dried up. ( Source: Rig Veda)
13. List few important features about Sundarbans?
- Sundarbans are the largest tidal mangrove forest in the world
- It lies in the Ganga Brahmaputra basin
- In Indian side, it is the biosphere reserve and National Park
14. List few feature of Peninsular Plateau?
- It lies to the south of Northern Plains
- It is the oldest part of the Indian sub continent
- It is made up of hard rocks rich in mineral resources
- Important rivers of this region are Narmada, Tapi, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri.
- Narmada and Tapi flows towards West, other river flows towards East.
- Peninsular plateau is divided into Malwa plateau and Deccan Plateau by the river Narmada.
15. Write a few points on Malwa Plateau?
- Malwa Plateau is drained by the river Betwa, Son, Chambal, Sindh, Damodar
- These are not Perennial river
Malwa plateau is surrounded by
- South – Vindhyas
- West – Aravalli
- East – Chhota Nagpur Plateau
16. List few points about Deccan Plateau?
- It lies to the south of river Narmada
- It is triangular in shape
- It is bordered by
- North – Satpuras
- West – Western Ghats
- East – Eastern Ghats
17. List the difference between Western and Eastern Ghats?
| Western Ghats | Eastern Ghats |
| Western Ghats are continuous hills | Eastern Ghats are low hills |
| They arise steeply from coastal plain along the west coast of India | In Eastern Ghats, rivers cut through them to drain the region |
| Western Ghats are also called as Sahyadri. This region causes heavy rainfall | Eastern ghats do not cause much rain |
Both Western and Eastern Ghats meet at Nilgiri hills in Tamil Nādu
18. List few point about the Great Indian Desert?
- It lies to the west of the Aravalli range
- Major portion of the desert is present in Rajasthan extend into Sindh, Pakistan as Thar Desert
- The Land is flat and covered with sandy soil
- It is the dry region and no rivers are here.
- River Luni is the only large river in this region
19. What are Coastal Plains?
- Deccan Plateau has two narrow slips of Coastal plains.
- Along the Bay of Bengal they are called as Eastern Coastal plains, along the Arabian Sea they are called as Western Coastal plains
20. List the major difference between the Eastern and Western Coastal plains?
| Eastern Coastal Plains | Western Coastal Plains |
| It lies in the Bay of Bengal | It lies in the Arabian Sea |
| These plains are broader | These plains are narrower |
| Eastern Coastal plains are called as Northern Circars in North of GodavariCoromandal coast to the South of Godavari | Western coastal plains are called as Konkan Coast in MaharastraKanara Coast in KarnatakaMalabar Coast in Kerala |
21. What are the major islands in India?
There are two group of island that forms the part of India.
- Andaman and Nicobar island
- Lakshadweep Island
22. State the difference between Andaman and Nicobar Island and Lakshadweep Island?
| Andaman and Nicobar Island | Lakshadweep Island |
| Group of more than 572 island located in Bay of Bengal | Group of 36 coral island located in Arabian sea |
| Port Blair is the capital | Kavaratti is the administrative headquarters |
| Only 38 islands are inhabited | Only 11 islands are inhabited |
| India`s only active volcano is Barren island is present in Andaman | Lakshadweep means group of hundred thousand island |
| These islands are located in the East of the Indian subcontinent | These islands are located 300 Km to the west coast of kerala |
Facts:
- Indian plate is in Eastern Hemisphere
- Gondwana super continent. It includes South Asia, South China, Indonesia, some part of Indian Ocean
- Millions of years ago, it collided with Eurasian plate and gave rise to great Himalayas and Tibetian Plateau